The process of collecting already existing studies in a reproducible systematic way. If your question is about the statistical analysis of studies which have been collected in this way consider using the meta-analysis tag as well or instead.
Collecting scientific studies for subsequent processing includes: question definition, search term definition, conducting the search, extracting data from the primary studies, assessing the risk of bias of the studies. The term systematic review is sometimes used to encompass meta-analysis but many authors keep them separate and refer to systematic review with meta-analysis.
The Wikipedia article on systematic review provides a longer account of the process and links to material.