Statistical Analysis Stack Exchange
Statistical Analysis Stack Exchange

Questions tagged [rounding]

15 questions
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Adjusting round-off error so as to have percentages that sum up to $100$

I have non-negative numbers $x_1, \dots, x_n$. These numbers are all percentages rounded to the nearest tenth of a percentage. Unfortunately, I don't have any of the numerators or denominators driving these percentages. The true percentages, $t_1,…
Clarinetist
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Given the results, how many people were surveyed?

Without specifying how many responses were summarized in the graphic, the newspaper, The Guardian, today published these survey results: Source:…
Micky
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Quantiles of rounded up values and rounded up quantiles

I am currently working with a rounded up values of continuous distribution and I am trying to find out some of its general properties. I have the following model: $y = \lceil x \rceil$ where $x$ has continuous distribution and $\lceil x \rceil$ is a…
Ivan Svetunkov
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What to do with a lmer model that violates the assumptions of normal residuals?

I have the following lmer model: ball6lmer=lmer(Width_mm~Buried+(Buried|Chamber), data=ballData,control=lmerControl(optimizer="optimx",optCtrl=list(method="nlminb")), REML=FALSE) Width_mm is the diameter of dung balls made by dung…
JeanDrayton
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Does rounding introduce variance into estimates?

It is often recommended to round parameter estimates to avoid suggesting more precision than the data really have, e.g. here. I understand rounding does not introduce bias, as long as an unbiased rounding scheme is used, like statistician's…
Hatshepsut
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Modeling errors introduced by rounding

I would like to know how to model errors introduced by rounding. For example: Suppose that $n$ pairs $(x, y)$ are such as $x$ and $y$ are drawn from a uniform distribution $[-1, 1 [$ and $d$ is given by the Euclidian Distance between $(x, y)$ and…
Duloren
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Why do we round up the Standard Deviation when it rounds regularly to 0?

Why do we round up the Standard Deviation when it rounds regularly to 0? For instance, if our SD is 0.02, we round it up to 0.1, but if it is 0.06, we keep it at 0.06. Can someone please explain? Thanks Edit: The context is in chemistry…
Jon
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Number of significant figures to report for a confidence interval

I'm a TA in stat for med students and when discussing confidence intervals together with the one-sample t-test, I got doubts on the decimals that should be retained. Specifically, we tested a data set of the body height of 3400 people against the…
bolzep
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How do you handle probability zero for states due to rounding error in an HMM?

Say I have a hidden Markov model (HMM), and due to the emission distribution and our observations, we get probability 0 for certain states due to computer precision, which causes singularities (divide by 0) when using the forward algorithm. What are…
mlstudent
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Round to Even Rule

The standard practice for rounding numbers appears to include the "round to even" rule for cases where the digit to the right of the least significant digit is equal to 5. Here is an example from http://www.chemteam.info/SigFigs/Rounding.html…
Thomas
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How to round mean values when imputing missing questionnaire items

When there are missing items (answers) in a questionnaire it is sometimes usual to impute them with the mean of the valid items. For example here are 3 items/question which can have a four values from 1 to including 4. [2, 3, missing] would result…
buhtz
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regression with rounded covariates

A basic assumption of something as simple as OLS regression is that the covariates are continuous. Often this is only partly the case, e.g. heart rate is often reported in integer number of bpm, yet the underlying value is clearly continuous, not…
funklute
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Impact of rounding a variable to the nearest unit

I have created composite variables after a factor analysis. The original variables were categorical (levels 1-7) and the composites were created by averaging the items loading into each factor. I decided to round the new variables resulting from the…
GIP
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In which specific decimal should I round a number according to the data set it belongs?

The motivation for this question comes from the fact that estimating the relative error where the true value is zero raises the infinite output issue. I have seen multiple replies, but I am not satisfied from any of them; so I thought that I could…
athantas
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How to prove that statistical(banker) rounding does not introduce bias?

Given a random number $X$, from popular websites it seems to me that the expected value of $[X]$ is the same as the expected value of $X$. Where $[X]$ denotes the statistical (or banker) integer rounding of $X$. However, I tried to search a proof…
Phong Le
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