I especially don't understand the grouping of them. I know what the sentence means, but all of those words after 言った are a bit confusing to me. thank you!
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1Related: https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/18454/9831 and maybe: https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/40609/9831 / https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/13069/9831 – Chocolate Jul 22 '17 at 15:38
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I wonder why any of those linked threads have not addressed that the じゃ is formally では. – karlalou Jul 22 '17 at 16:47
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1These threads might be of some help, hopefully... https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/453/9831 / https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/4490/9831 / https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/12846/9831 – Chocolate Jul 22 '17 at 17:41
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言った じゃ ねえ か よ
=言った では ない か (よ) (=言った では ありません か)
ねえ in place of ない is a rough word; it should be avoided.
じゃ is a colloquial replacement for では.
This ~じゃないか(よ) is a negative question used as a tag question.
It's saying "I said, didn't I?", and じゃねえかよ is said the same thing in quite a rough manner.
じゃないか, on the other hand, is used quite often in casual conversation; じゃないかな, じゃないかと思う, じゃない?, etc., even by itself as a reply to someone's word.