Signal Processing Stack Exchange
Signal Processing Stack Exchange

Questions tagged [infinite-impulse-response]

Infinite impulse response (IIR) is a property of signal processing systems.

Systems with this property are known as IIR systems or, when dealing with filter systems, as IIR filters. IIR systems have an impulse response function that is non-zero over an infinite length of time. This is in contrast to finite impulse response (FIR) filters, which have fixed-duration impulse responses. The simplest analog IIR filter is an RC filter made up of a single resistor (R) feeding into a node shared with a single capacitor (C). This filter has an exponential impulse response characterized by an RC time constant.

IIR filters may be implemented as either analog or digital filters.

Source: Wikipedia.

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What is the advantage of MATLAB's filtfilt

MATLAB's filtfilt does a forward-backward filtering, i.e., filter, reverse the signal, filter again and then reverse again. Apparently this done to reduce phase lags? What are the advantages/disadvantages of using such a filtering (I guess it would…
user4744
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Filter order vs number of taps vs number of coefficients

I'm learning DSP slowly and trying to wrap my head around some terminology: Question 1: Suppose I have the following filter difference equation: $$y[n] = 2 x[n] + 4 x[n-2] + 6 x[n-3] + 8 x[n-4]$$ There are 4 coefficients on the right-hand side.…
stackoverflowuser2010
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What Is the Best First Order IIR (AR Filter) Approximation to a Moving Average Filter (FIR Filter)?

Assume the following first order IIR Filter: $$ y[n] = \alpha x[n] + (1 - \alpha) y[n - 1] $$ How can I choose the parameter $ \alpha $ s.t. the IIR approximates as good as possible the FIR which is the arithmetic mean of the last $ k $ samples: $$…
Royi
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Applying filter in scipy.signal: Use lfilter or filtfilt?

I saw in a SO thread a suggestion to use filtfilt which performs backwards/forwards filtering instead of lfilter. What is the motivation for using one against the other technique?
Bar
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How does cascading biquad sections for higher order filters work?

I'm trying to implement an 8th order IIR filter and every application note and textbook I've read says that it is best to implement any filter of order more than 2 as second order sections. I used tf2sos in MATLAB to get the coefficients for second…
anasimtiaz
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Digital filter design basic principles (IIR/FIR)

Although I have a solid experience in designing audio engines and such, I am fairly new to the realm of Digital Filter Design, particularly IIR and FIR filters. In other words, I'm trying to learn as much as I can on how to design filters and derive…
bitwise
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Are there any standard implementation forms for tunable Butterworth filters?

One of the standard ways to implement a Butterworth filter is with a cascade of second-order sections, each corresponding to a pair of complex-conjugate poles. For a fourth-order filter, for example, there would be two second-order sections. If we…
datageist
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What factors should I consider when choosing an IIR filter realization?

IIR filters may be implemented as direct form 1 or 2. But how do you decide which form to use? What are the pros and cons of each?
anasimtiaz
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How can I design a very narrow filter?

Suppose I've got an audio signal sampled at $48000$ Hz, and I'd like to design a low-pass filter that isolates everything below ~$60$Hz. In the digital world, this is a low-pass filter with the passband at $[-\frac{\pi}{400} , \frac{\pi}{400} ] $.…
Phonon
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Filter Order Rule of Thumb

Is there a rule of thumb for calculating the approximate filter order of a FIR/IIR based on passband vs sample rate? I seem to remember reading about it once in Undergrad. I'd think you could make a rough estimate like scaler * passband/stopband. I…
jeremy
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What bandpass filter design will yield the shortest impulse response?

Designing a simple 2nd order IIR bandpass Buterworth filter with a centre frequency of 500 Hz and a 1 octave bandwidth gives me the following frequency response ... Now, if I take the impulse response and normalise it and convert it to dB, we can…
learnvst
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Mapping of Classic Filters for Digital Filter Design

Of the four classic analog filter types: Butterworth, Chebyshev, Elliptic and Bessel- are any of these relegated to obsolescence for purposes of digital filter design in comparison to optimized algorithms such as least squares (firls),…
Dan Boschen
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What kind of filter is that? Is it IIR?

I am trying to answer the following question: Is the system described by equation: $$y[n]=0.5y[n-1]+x[n]-0.5x[n-1]$$ an IIR filter? My answer is yes. Thank you
Black Yasmin
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What's the advantage of adaptive IIR filter against FIR?

Adaptive IIR filters is not straightforward, and may be unstable. Many people say that adaptive IIR filters use less coefficients than FIR filters. What I'm curious about is how many coefficients can IIR save? I tried to use adaptive IIR filters to…
Alexander Zhang
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IIR Filter for Smoothing (Low Pass Filter)

I am using IIR filter for smoothing $$y[n] = ax[n]+(1-a)y[n-1]$$ My question is, if I add another IIR filter, will it be the second order of IIR filter? If not, what it can be called? My second filter is $$y_2[n] = ay[n] + (1-a)y_2[n-1] $$
user4234
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