Signal Processing Stack Exchange
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Questions tagged [frequency-spectrum]

The frequency spectrum of a time-domain signal is a representation of that signal in the frequency domain.

The frequency spectrum can be generated via a Fourier transform of the signal, and the resulting values are usually presented as amplitude and phase, both plotted versus frequency.1

Any signal that can be represented as an amplitude that varies with time has a corresponding frequency spectrum.

Source: Wikipedia.

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What does frequency domain denote in case of images?

I was just learning about the frequency domain in images. I can understand the frequency spectrum in case of waves. It denotes what frequencies are present in a wave. If we draw the frequency spectrum of $\cos(2\pi f t)$, we get an impulse signal…
Abid Rahman K
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Why so many methods of computing PSD?

Welch's method has been my go-to algorithm for computing power spectral density (PSD) of evenly-sampled timeseries. I noticed that there are many other methods for computing PSD. For example, in Matlab I see: PSD using Burg method PSD using…
nibot
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"Complex sampling" can break Nyquist?

I have heard anecdotaly that sampling complex signals need not follow Nyquist sampling rates but can actually be gotten away with half Nyquist sampling rates. I am wondering if there is any truth to this? From Nyquist, we know that to unambiguously…
Spacey
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What is the difference between PSD and squared magnitude of frequency spectrum?

The power spectrum of a signal can be calculated by taking the magnitude squared of its Fourier transform. Being an audio person, the signal of interest for me would be a time series. How does this representation differ from a PSD (power spectral…
learnvst
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How to distinguish voice from snoring?

Background: I'm working on an iPhone application (alluded to in several other posts) that "listens to" snoring/breathing while one is asleep and determines if there are signs of sleep apnea (as a pre-screen for "sleep lab" testing). The…
Daniel R Hicks
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Does using the Goertzel algorithm actually give better frequency resolution?

I am reading this article, and I am getting a little confused by the author's liberal use of 'frequency resolution' regarding the Goertzel Algorithm. Basic question: Does using the Goertzel algorithm actually give you more frequency resolution over…
Spacey
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Terminology: spectrum, spectrogram, spectrograph, sonogram, etc

In term of proper or accepted naming conventions of DSP graphics or instrumentation output, what is the difference between the words spectrum, spectrogram, spectrograph, and similar terms, and what type of chart, graph, CRT display, or etc. does…
hotpaw2
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Why does spectral leakage arise in an FFT?

I've tried googling and wikipedia-ing it, but I haven't gotten any answers beyond 'it's because the frequency of the input signal is sitting between two bins'. I understand that this is the reason, but what I can't understand is why the leakage…
Kitchi
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How do you calculate spectral flatness from an FFT?

Ok, the spectral flatness (also called Wiener entropy) is defined as the ratio of the geometric mean of a spectrum to its arithmetic mean. Wikipedia and other references say the power spectrum. Isn't that the square of the Fourier transform? The…
endolith
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What image-processing techniques are ideal for this particular shift/scale invariant template matching?

A problem I had originally discussed in What methodology to use for discrimination of different (musical?) tones has evolved, and might have gotten a little simpler as I studied it in some more and attained new information. Bottom line, I would like…
Spacey
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Why do we use window in time domain rather than do FFT modify the spectrum and than inverse FFT

I thought that DSP would be done by using FFT of portions of a signal, modify the samples that result from FFT (since they represent the spectrum of our signal + noise) and remove any unwanted signals and than do an inverse FFT to get a time domain…
quantum231
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How can I plot frequency vs magnitude of wavelet transform?

I am running Morlet continuous wavelet transform. I have got wscalogram of signal and now I want to plot freq-magnitude like the following picture., but I don't know how to do it: I've used scal2freq MATLAB function to convert scales to pseudo…
SAH
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On using eigenvectors to estimate a signals' fundamental frequency, via MUSIC

Context: (Disclaimer: This is NOT a comm problem). I am trying to estimate the fundamental frequency of a real, periodic signal. This signal, was constructed by match filtering a raw signal, to that of a pulse. (the matched filter). The resultant…
Spacey
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Inverse polyphonic chord recognition

Polyphonic music transcription does not currently appear to be a solved problem. How about the inverse of a small portion of the problem. Are there any kind of spectral characteristics (from an STFT) that can be used to eliminate some musical…
hotpaw2
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How to make frequency axis for even and odd FFT length?

Can I get help on how to make frequency axis going from negative frequency to positive frequency, (in Hertz), that will be the x-axis in an FFT result, but given either an even length FFT, or odd length FFT. I am having some troubles making it in…
TheGrapeBeyond
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