Translation is the process of protein synthesis. The information encoded in the mRNA is translated into an amino acid sequence through the joint activity of tRNAs and ribosomes.
Questions tagged [translation]
120 questions
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What is the criticality of the ribosome binding site relative to the start codon in prokaryotic translation?
In prokaryotic translation, how critical for efficient translation is the location of the ribosome binding site, relative to the start codon?
Ideally, it is supposed to be -7b away from the start. How about if it is -9 bases away or even more? Will…
Gergana Vandova
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Do all proteins start with methionine?
Start codon AUG also codes for methionine and without start codon translation does not happen. And even the ambiguous codon GUG codes for methionine when it is first. So does this mean that all proteins start with methionine as the first amino acid.
sreekara
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Can DNA act as a translation substrate?
I get conflicting answers. One would think if it was true, it would be rather seminal and widely known.
There are papers from Khorana[1], Holland[2], and Bretscher[3] (late 60s) that suggest that it is quite easy in the presence of antibiotics like…
mdna
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How does translational coupling work in prokaryotes?
Today I heard about a phenomenon called "translational coupling", where the translation of one protein influences the translation of another protein. The messenger RNA levels don't seem influenced. How does this work? Do they need to be in the same…
Royco
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Are codons that map to the same amino acids interchangeable?
From wikipedia, in the section on the RNA codon table, I see a mapping between codons and amino acids. There, Valine is related to GUU, GUA, GUG, GUC.
Does it mean in the same context that these four codons are interchangeable? Could one replace…
Yehosef
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How did the genetic code evolve?
The genetic code is redundant, there are 20 amino acids for 64 possible nucleotide combinations (triplet codons). Therefore some amino acid are coded by several different codons. While leucine is coded by 6 codons, tryptophan is coded only by one…
Remi.b
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Why is AUG the initiation codon?
Is there any reason why AUG is the initiation codon?
Can’t translation start with different codons?
biogirl
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How are there alternative initiation codons?
According to wikipedia and the original complete sequence of the K-12 genome, there are multiple non-AUG start codons such as GUG and UUG. How is this possible? I'm particularly curious about the mechanism of translation initiation in the absence of…
bobthejoe
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The GUG start codon in E. coli: identity of initiating tRNA and efficiency of translation
Translation in E. coli is usually initiated at an AUG codon, which encodes the amino acid methionine. In some cases, however, the start codon is GUG, which normally encodes valine. If GUG is used as the start codon, is a tRNA charged with methionine…
Gergana Vandova
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Redundancy of the genetic code
One particular codon codes only for one amino acid, but an amino acid can be coded for by several different codons. Now according to the genetic code, the codon UUU codes for the amino acid phenylalanine and UUA codes for leucine. But, according to…
user9950
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RNA or ribosome, which one moves during translation?
During translation ribosomes decode the genetic information present in the mRNA and protein synthesis takes place. During this process which of those two does move, the ribosome or the mRNA?
balaka
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Why is an initiator tRNA required, distinct from the methionine tRNA used in elongation?
I'm confused by why there is a need for different tRNA-methionine complexes for translational initiation and elongation.
This paper mentions that
It is important that each type of methionyl tRNA be restricted to its separate function, as…
GingerBadger
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Mutation That Loses Stop Codon
Someone asked this in my class and my instructor wasn't sure in her answer, doesn't anyone know what happens in protein synthesis if a mutation causes mRNA to not possess a stop codon? Would the protein eventually stop? Would it keep coding into the…
user4960003
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Why is an allele dominant or recessive?
Alleles refer to duplicate genes, where one allele can be dominant over the other. What makes an allele dominant or recessive, given that both code for a single protein?.
user30561
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Does the MS2 RNA binding protein have any translational repression effects?
Reposted from Quora: http://www.quora.com/Does-the-MS2-RNA-binding-protein-have-any-translational-repression-effects
I'm thinking of the MS2 protein binding to its RNA hairpin target. Would the interaction of the MS2 protein to the hairpin placed…
bobthejoe
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