Chester
Chester (/[invalid input: 'icon']ˈtʃɛstər/, Bahasa Wales: Caer) adalah sebuah bandar di Cheshire, England. Berbaring di Sungai Dee, berhampiran sempadan dengan Wales, ia adalah rumah kepada 77,040 penduduk,[1] dan penyelesaian yang terbesar dan paling ramai penduduk yang lebih luas daripada kawasan pihak berkuasa kesatuan dari Cheshire Barat dan Chester, yang mempunyai penduduk 328,100 menurut Banci 2001.[2] Chester telah diberikan kedudukan bandar pada 1541.
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| Chester | |
![]() Bridge Street menunjukkan Chester Rows dan Geraja St Peter |
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| Penduduk | 77,040 [1] |
|---|---|
| Rujukan grid OS | SJ405665 |
| - London | 196 batu (315 km) SE |
| Pihak berkuasa kesatuan | Cheshire West and Chester |
| Daerah istiadat | Cheshire |
| Kawasan | North West |
| Perlembagaan negara | England |
| Negara berdaulat | United Kingdom |
| Bandar pos | CHESTER |
| Poskod daerah | CH1-4 |
| Kod panggilan | 01244 |
| Polis | Cheshire |
| Balai bomba | Cheshire |
| Ambulans | North West |
| Parlimen Eropah | North West England |
| Parlimen UK | City of Chester |
| |
Chester diasaskan sebagai "castrum" atau kubu Rom dengan nama Deva Victrix pada tahun 79 oleh orang Rom Legio II Adiutrix semasa pemerintahan Maharaja Vespasian.[3] Empat jalan utama Chester, Eastgate, Northgate, Watergate dan Jambatan, ikut laluan ditetapkan pada masa ini - hampir 2,000 tahun lepas. Salah satu daripada tiga tentera utama Rom bes, Deva kemudian menjadi salah satu penyelesaian utama di wilayah Rom dari Britannia. Selepas orang-orang Rom kiri dalam abad ke-5, yang Saxon diperkaya bandar terhadap orang Denmark dan memberikan namanya Chester. Santa penaung Chester, Werburgh, hilang Chester Cathedral.
Chester adalah satu daripada bandar-bandar terakhir di England jatuh kepada orang Norman sewaktu penaklukan Norman England. William yang Penakluk mengarahkan pembinaan istana, menguasai bandar dan sempadan Wales berdekatan. pada 1071[4][5] beliau mencipta Hugh d'Avranches, Earl of Chester ke-1.
Chester mempunyai beberapa bangunan zaman pertengahan, tetapi beberapa bangunan hitam putih di dalam pusat bandar sebenarnya zaman Victoria pemulihan.[6] Chester adalah salah satu yang terbaik dipelihara bandar berdinding di Kepulauan British. Selain daripada bahagian 100-meter (330 ka), disenaraikan Gred I dinding yang hampir selesai.[7]
Revolusi Perindustrian dibawa keretapi, terusan dan jalan-jalan baru ke bandar, yang menyaksikan peningkatan besar dan pembangunan - Chester Town Hall dan Muzium Grosvenor adalah contoh senibina zaman Victoria dari tempoh ini.
Lihat juga
- Bangunan disenaraikan Gred I di Chester
- Geraja St Paul, Boughton
- Geraja St Barnabas, Chester
- Geraja St Mary, Handbridge
- Geraja All Saints, Hoole
- Blacon
- Newtown, Chester
- Hoole
Rujukan
Catatan
- "2001 Census: Census Area Statistics Chester (Local Authority)". Office for National Statistics. Dicapai pada 27 September 2008. Also: "Chester in context". Chester City Council. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2008-05-09. Dicapai pada 27 September 2008.
- The Times Online - "Torture topped the bill in Roman Chester" by Dalya Alberge, February 17, 2007
- Cunliffe, Barry W. (2001). The Penguin atlas of British & Irish history. Penguin. m/s. 72. ISBN 9780141009155. Dicapai pada 30 December 2010.
- The New Encyclopaedia Britannica: Micropaedia. Encyclopaedia Britannica. 1995. m/s. 180. ISBN 9780852296059. Dicapai pada 30 December 2010.
- Pevsner and Hubbard, pp. 130–131.
Bibliografi
- Bilsborough, Norman (1983). The Treasures of Cheshire. Swinton: North West Civic Trust. ISBN 0901347353. Cite has empty unknown parameter:
|coauthors=(bantuan) - Carrington, P (ed.) (2002). Deva Victrix: Roman Chester Re-assessed. Chester: Chester Archaeological Society. ISBN 095070749X.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
- Emery, G (1998). Chester inside out. Chester, United Kingdom: Gordon Emery. ISBN 1872265928.
- Emery, G (1999). Curious Chester: Portrait of an English city over two thousand years. Chester, United Kingdom: Gordon Emery. ISBN 1872265944. Unknown parameter
|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (bantuan) - Emery, G (2002). Chester electric lighting station: From steam and hydro–The illuminating story of Chester streetlighting and Britain's first rural electricity supply. Chester, United Kingdom: Gordon Emery. ISBN 1872265480.
- Emery, G (2003). The Chester guide: England's walled city, Roman remains, museums, attractions, River Dee, shopping on the medieval rows, cathedral, access. Chester, United Kingdom: Gordon Emery. ISBN 1872265898.
- Emery, G (1999). The old Chester canal: A History and Guide. Chester, United Kingdom: Gordon Emery. Unknown parameter
|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (bantuan) - Lewis, P.R. (2007). Disaster on the Dee: Robert Stephenson's Nemesis of 1847. Stroud, United Kingdom: Tempus Publishing. ISBN 9780752442662.
- Marshall, A. E. (1966). Myths and Legends of Chester. Chester, United Kingdom: Chester blind welfare society. ISBN 095117830X.
- Mason, David J.P. (2001). Roman Chester: City of the Eagles. Stroud: Tempus Publishing Ltd. ISBN 0-7524-1922-6.
- Morriss, Richard K. (1993). The Buildings of Chester. Stroud: Alan Sutton. ISBN 0-7509-0255-8. Cite has empty unknown parameter:
|coauthors=(bantuan) - Morton, H. V. (1930). In Search of England. London: Methuen. ISBN 0416344801.
- Pevsner, Nikolaus (2003) [1971]. The Buildings of England: Cheshire. New Haven & London: Yale University Press. ISBN 0300095880. Unknown parameter
|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (bantuan) - Place, G.W. (1994). The Rise and Fall of Parkgate, Passenger Port for Ireland, 1686-1815 (Chetham Society). Lancaster, United Kingdom: Carnegie Publishing Limited. ISBN 1859360238.
- Ptolemy (1992). The Geography. Dover Publications Inc. ISBN 0486268969.
- Wall, B. (1992). Tales of Chester. Shropshire, United Kingdom: S. B. Publications. ISBN 1857700066.
- Ward, Simon (2009). Chester: A History. Chichester: Phillimore. ISBN 9781860774997. Cite has empty unknown parameter:
|coauthors=(bantuan) - Wilding, R. (1997). Miller of Dee:The story of Chester mills and millers, their trades, and wares, the weir, the water engine, and the salmon. Chester, United Kingdom: Gordon Emery. ISBN 1872265952.
- Wilding, R. (2003). Death in Chester: Roman Gravestones, Cathedral Burials, Martyrs, Witches, the Plague, Horrible Hangings, Gruesome Deaths and Ghostly Goings-on. Chester, United Kingdom: Gordon Emery. ISBN 1872265448.
Pautan luar
| Wikimedia Commons mempunyai media berkaitan Chester |
- Chester Wiki
- Read a detailed historical record about the Fortress Baths, Chester
- 'Chester: A Virtual Stroll Around the Walls'
- Reprint of paper on Dee bridge disaster
- Chester Scenics (Images of Chester by Night and Day)
- Chester-a portrait (Images and information about Chester) Diarkibkan 2010-07-24 di Wayback Machine
- Chester Wall Documentary Diarkibkan 2012-02-29 di Wayback Machine
Templat:Cheshire, Cheshire West and Chester Templat:Cheshire

