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Assume there is a population, P, of size N. Each member of the population has three variables associated with it, a nominal variable C (with m unique categories), and two continuous variables X and Y.

The Pearson correlation of X and Y for the entire population P was determined to be r(P).

I would like to determine, for each category C, whether the Pearson r of the the members of each individual caterogy, -- P(C1), P(C2), ..., P(Cm) -- differs from the population's Pearson r.

In other words,

  • H0(C1): r(P(C1)) = r(P),
  • H1(C1): r(P(C1)) <> r(P).

and so on for C2, C3, ..., Cm.

(Note that I am not talking about the difference in means, but strictly the difference in the correlations.)

I am aware of this question here, but I wonder if I can use the same technique for comparing a sample to its population.

bioniclime
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  • You were asking for a technique to compare sample correlation to population correlation. I'm not sure if this questions really fits your described situation: It may be that I am missing something, but it seems to me that you are rather trying to compare correlations across different populations, one ($C_i$ for i in 1...m) being a a subset of your full population P. – buechel Apr 25 '19 at 09:40

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