Imagine that predictor A has a positive relationship with the dependent variable and that it also has a high correlation with predictor B.
When predictors A and B are entered into a regression model together suppose that predictor A now has a negative relationship with the dependent variable.
This seems like a symptom of multicollinearity. But, could it ever be the case that after controlling for predictor B, the unique variance in the dependent variable explained by predictor A had a negative relationship with that predictor? Can a predictor ever genuinely switch signs like in the example given? Are there ways to tell whether a sign flip is genuine or a symptom of multicollinearity?
(I imagine people will take issue my use of "genuine". What I mean is indicative of a genuine negative relationship between the uniquely explained variance and predictor A, and not a product of multicollinearity.)