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Is there any specific name for the barcode-like graph shown above? The vertical axis does not correspond to any number and (as far as I can tell) the graph only serves to illustrate spread in the data.

The graph appears in the context of a hypothesis test in nonlinear time series analysis. The numerous short impulses represent the test statistic computed under the null hypothesis. The single long impulse near the center shows the observed value. (Obviously, one cannot reject the null hypothesis here.)

The mean (cross $\times$) and the standard deviation (of the null distribution) is represented by the horizontal line.

Lambda42
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  • If I would want to create something alike in SAS, I would start from a needle diagram. – Dirk Horsten Jan 10 '16 at 21:59
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    1. What's the image from? 2. Not simply the spread -- you can get a sense of location (like roughly where the median would be, for example), of where the density is higher or lower (and so get some sense of possible modes), of symmetry, of skewness, of the presence of heavy-tails/outliers ... – Glen_b Jan 11 '16 at 00:55
  • @Glen_b the graph appears in the context of a null hypothesis test. I've clarified the question. – Lambda42 Jan 11 '16 at 08:01
  • Let me be more plain: If the image comes from someone else's work you'll need to give a proper reference and credit. – Glen_b Jan 11 '16 at 08:18

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For the bar code part, I most often see it called a "strip plot" as used in this blog post about linking strip plots to another plot. The name "strip plot" is also used for other 1-dimensional charts, often with dots instead of lines and sometimes with density bars.

In R they are sometimes called "rug plots," at least when used in the edge of a plot.

Less commonly, they're called "comb plots".

Community
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xan
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    In R when they're not at the edge of a plot, they're `stripcharts` (with `pch="|"`). I drew one for [this](http://stats.stackexchange.com/questions/189996/finding-direction-of-inequality-for-two-tailed-test/190020#190020) recent answer. – Glen_b Jan 11 '16 at 00:48