There is data indexed by time:
$$ D_1, D_2, D_3, ..., D_T $$
I have a model that I assume the parameter $\theta_t$ changes with time $t$. As a result, I adapt a rolling window strategy:
$$ \theta_{t+1} = \underset{\theta}{\arg \max}~~\mbox{L}(\theta~; D_1, D_2, D_3, ..., D_{t}) $$
i.e.
$$ \theta_{t+n} = \underset{\theta}{\arg \max}~~\mbox{L}(\theta~; D_n, D_{n+1}, ..., D_{t+n}) $$
My problem is: fitting each model for each time step is very time-consuming. My optimization routine takes around 2 minutes and I have thousands of such data.
Are there any technique in statistics that I can exploit the structure of rolling window (i.e. using the previous estimation $\theta_{t}$ and the little difference between two likelihood function) to get $\theta_{t+1}$ quickly?
One thing is that I must use MLE. Not MAP nor something else.
Remarks: I am already using the previous point $\theta_{t}$ for the initial guess point for $\theta_{t+1}$.