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See Kevin Dong's answer here.

Let $\widetilde{\gamma}$ be a path in $X_N$ based at $x_0^N \in X_N$ with $p(\widetilde{\gamma}) = \gamma$ a nontrivial path in $X$. Since the cover is normal, there exists a deck transformation mapping $x_0^N$ to any other preimage under $p$ of $x_0 \in X$. (Why?)

I do not follow why the existence of such a deck transformation mapping follows from the normality of the cover... can someone explain?

  • Do you know the definition of a normal cover? Are you asking why the cover is normal, why a cover corresponding to a normal subgroup is a normal cover, something else? – Najib Idrissi Aug 31 '15 at 11:12
  • It's not clear to me why the existence of a deck transformation mapping follows from the normality of the cover. –  Aug 31 '15 at 11:18
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    ["Now suppose $p : C → X$ is a covering map and $C$ (and therefore also $X$) is connected and locally path connected. The action of $Aut(p)$ on each fiber is free. If this action is transitive on some fiber, then it is transitive on all fibers, and we call the cover regular (or normal or Galois)."](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Covering_space) It's literally the definition of a normal cover, a cover is normal iff for every pair of points in a fiber, there's a deck transformation mapping the first point to the second. – Najib Idrissi Aug 31 '15 at 11:19

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From Wikipedia:

Now suppose $p:C \to X$ is a covering map and $C$ (and therefore also $X$) is connected and locally path connected. The action of $Aut(p)$ on each fiber is free. If this action is transitive on some fiber, then it is transitive on all fibers, and we call the cover regular (or normal or Galois).

By the very definition of what a normal cover is, the fact that the cover $p : X_N \to X$ is normal implies that for any $x_0^N \in p^{-1}(x_0)$ and any other point $y \in p^{-1}(x_0)$, there is a deck transformation $\sigma \in Aut(p)$ such that $\sigma(x_0^N) = y$. This is what an action being transitive means. Here, the cover is normal because it corresponds to a normal subgroup of $\pi_1(X)$, a standard fact in algebraic topology (you can find the proof in any textbook).

Najib Idrissi
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