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There are several words which have vowel variations. This seems like it could be a fossilization of morphological processes in an older version of Japanese. How much do we know about these processes? Can we reconstruct a grammatical or phonological explanation for these vowel variations?

雨: あめ
雨水: あまみず

月：つき
月読：つくよみ

高：たか
丈：たけ
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  • Is 高・丈 really in the same category as the others? – Leebo Jul 13 '18 at 03:44
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    Related (and possibly duplicate): [Why is a place that sells さけ a さかや?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/3536/542) and [Exceptional compounding forms](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/2534/542) – Flaw Jul 13 '18 at 06:10

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