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What are commonly used tools to reconstruct the transcriptional regulatory circuits that govern diverse cellular responses and what input data sets do they accept?

Daniel Standage
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Inferring transcriptional / regulatory networks from empirical data is an active area of research, and to my knowledge there aren't many mature tools for this type of analysis. I see mostly mathematicians, statisticians, and engineers working on this problem, probably because of the intense quantitative theory involved. Even if mature tools do exist, I doubt they're tailored for the typical biologist--more likely, they are geared toward scientists with a more quantitative background.

That being said, I am aware of 2 or 3 pieces of software that may provide a starting point for the curious or the adventurous: AIRnet (described here), iBioSim (described by Barker's PhD thesis, currently the second hit on this Google search), and maybe Ingenuity Pathways Analysis (which requires a paid license). The only one of these tools I've even tried to use is iBioSim, and at the time (2 or so years ago) it was a very kludgy process.

Daniel Standage
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I'd like to add regulonDB which is not as integrated, but has a tremendous map of the e coli regulome which would be useful for any bacterial model.

I agree with @DanielStandage that this is not a well understood and there don't even appear to be standard representations for this sort of data.

shigeta
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    The [Systems Biology Markup Language (SBML)](http://sbml.org/Main_Page) is the closest thing to a standard representation out there, but it's been adopted about as widely as every other XML-based bioinformatics format I've encountered. – Daniel Standage May 30 '12 at 20:04